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    Fast Food: Can Our Health Care System Survive It?

    Posted:
    09/11/09
    Filed Under:Health Care, Woman Up
    Delia, in response to your question, how much can Americans stomach? The answer is, a LOT!
    Way too much, in fact.
    Like you, I am chagrined by the dominance of the fast-food industry in America, and not just because its ubiquitous presence every few feet along urban highways is an architectural eyesore. Like you, I happily eat some of it, and for cost, consistency and speed (in this era where a wait of five minutes seems a gross imposition), it can hardly be beat. But when I really look at what I'm eating, I know it's wrong.
    And when I look at this country of capacious consumers, it makes me sad -- and mad. And when I think about reforming the health care system, it makes me even madder. Why doesn't preventive care -- and education of Americans about what they're ingesting -- figure higher on the agenda?
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    You may be annoyed by those 10-page calorie-listing menus, with choices to make the eyes glaze over, but more annoying to me are the copious portions of the servings: "Colossal" burgers, bowls of pasta that could feed three homeless people who hadn't eaten in four days, salads served on plates as big as those on a baseball diamond.
    But it's not just the size that makes these meals bad for us, it's the ingredients as well. America's fast food is not only loaded with calories, it is saturated with salt, sugar and fat. David A. Kessler, a Harvard-trained doctor and the former commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration, writes in his new book "The End of Overeating,'' that that is no accident.
    He claims that the salt-sugar-fat combination alters the chemistry of the brain so that instead of satisfying hunger, it stimulates the eater to want more. And the food industry, he says, has manipulated this neurological response to get diners to keep eating -- more than they should or even more than they want. (How many times have you finished a meal and said, Why did I eat all that?)
    There are those who take issue with the science that Kessler cites. But whether you believe there's brain manipulation or not, there's no denying the scientific fact that too much salt, sugar and fat in our diets causes high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and of course, obesity, the forerunner of all the rest, which is rampant in America. And the long-term costs of those illnesses in such large numbers of people is what is bankrupting the health care system.
    If we still lived in the Paleolithic era, it wouldn't matter. The men would be burning more calories chasing dinner than they consumed in eating it, and the women would be busy collecting firewood, cooking and caring for their young (or perhaps running from the men). There were no cave potatos among the homo sapiens.
    Today is different. The fact that nearly one-third of Americans tip the scale into obesity, while almost two-thirds are overweight, attests to two basic facts of the modern era: we eat too much and move too little. And in the fast-food nation, jumbo portions full of substances that are very bad in large quantities are a major culprit.
    So where are the fast-food chains in the health care debate? Not in the forefront. They had to be dragged into disclosing the calories and fat and salt contents of their offerings. It's true that they are coming up with better choices these days: more salads, whole-grain breads and grilled meats. And I applaud their efforts. But there's still a lot of bad stuff out there. And a lot of misleading information.
    Some of the numbers are truly astonishing. The Colossal burger at Ruby Tuesdays: 1,677 calories, 114 fat grams. A regular cheeseburger there is 942 calories and 62 fat grams. Just the dressing on the Caesar salad: 390 calories and 42 fat grams.
    The weight of the average American woman is now above 160 pounds. For a person of that size, 50 grams of fat is close to the maximum allowance for the day. So Delia, if you ate the Pecan Crusted Chicken Salad at TGIF because it sounded like a healthy choice (it's salad after all), you would have consumed your entire day's allowance of fat.
    And don't be fooled by some of the grilled options. At Taco Bell, the grilled stuffed chicken burrito is 670 calories, 25 fat grams and a whopping 2,010 milligrams of sodium.
    Also, remember to read the fine print. The chicken quesadilla appetizer at Ruby Tuesday's is listed as 225 calories and 14 grams of fat. That doesn't actually sound so bad, but read on: that's for one-quarter of the dish. If you ate the whole thing, it would be 900 calories and 56 grams of fat. That's nearly your total fat content and roughly half the calories you should be consuming in a day. And that's just the appetizer!
    In fact, for a woman of my size, 5-foot-2 and about 117 pounds, it's a lot more. According to an online calorie counter I checked, in order to lose five pounds to eliminate my love handles and make my pants fit better, I would be restricted to a 1,200-calorie-a-day diet.
    I'm certainly not against cheap food, which is a good thing for those in this country who struggle to meet their monthly bills. In fact, it has been reported that fast-food profits have actually risen during the recession, as diners seek bargain options.
    With so many Americans eating it, fast food, indeed, has become a very big business. According to Wikipedia, the National Restaurant Association estimated that Americans spent $142 billion on fast food in 2006. That's approximately what the president budgeted for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan in 2009.
    But our inexpensive indulgences today will have enormous future costs tomorrow. The chronic diseases the country faces carry a huge toll on the public health and on the country's health system. Until we rein it in, individually and collectively, and reform the food system – which means summoning the will to take on the fast-food industry and its lobbyists -- we will never get a handle on our health care reform.
    As Michael Pollan, a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine, said in an op-ed article in Wednesday's Times, "One of the leading products of the American food industry has become patients for the American health care industry.''




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    Janet W. Battaile

    Jan Battaile worked as an editor in the Washington Bureau of The New York Times for 20 years... more

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