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The Case Against Judicial Elections: Keep Politics Out of the Law

1 year ago
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The single greatest threat to the "rule of law" in America is not President Barack Obama's health care reform or President George W. Bush's terror law tactics. It isn't a bunch of al-Qaeda thugs posing as terrorists. It isn't punitive damage verdicts in civil cases or, far less seriously, "judicial activism" of the sort loosely talked about all the time by the members of the Senate Judiciary Committee.
The biggest single threat to fair and neutral justice is the trend toward partisan judicial elections at the state and local level. Through this practice, tiny pockets of zealous partisans mobilize to vote into office judges who, in the manner of an elected politician, are then presumed to owe something to their constituents. Or, in the alternative, special-interest groups rise up to vote off the bench judges who have not ruled the way those constituents wanted them to. These elections mark a terribly destructive seepage of politics into law.
In California, for example, a coalition of religious conservatives called Better Courts Now is trying to remove four San Diego-based state court judges. The group's philosophy on judging is as simple as it is misguided. "As a branch of government, judges don't get to hold themselves apart from the people -- they are servants of the people." I am quite certain that every single member of the United States Supreme Court today would disagree entirely with that sentence. Judges must, in many significant ways, hold themselves apart from "the people" if they are to have any credibility and impartiality when ruling on cases.
One of the group's endorsed candidates, hoping to get elected to a spot on the San Diego Superior Court, also has revealed a dismayingly critical tone about the job for which he's campaigning. These elections, attorney Craig Candelore said recently online, force "judges to reconnect with the people whom they serve. Judges are not supposed to make the law, they are supposed to uphold the law passed by legislators in Sacramento. When judges do not follow the law they do not follow our value. Laws are passed by the legislators who are elected by the people. Judges should uphold the law, not make the law."
Judicial elections. most everyone agrees, give more power to the people by giving voters a direct say into who their judges will or will not be. And they take power away from entrenched legal and political interests -- the state's bar association or judiciary committee -- which recommend which attorneys merit consideration for a state court post. But despite the cheap democratic virtue of which Candelore speaks -- more power to the people!-- it's a terrible idea to have judges campaigning like politicians or to have litigants wondering who bought and paid for their supposedly neutral arbiter.
There is no room in any reputable judicial system for the lowly "political" standard that partisans like Candelore wish to place upon the courts. If judges were as gelded as Candelore seems to think they are, if they are no more than rubber-stampers for legislators, then no reasonably smart, ambitious person would ever want to become one. And we know that's not the case. Besides, Candelore is just wrong in his calculus. Even the most strident conservatives on the Supreme Court would disagree with Candelore's childlike notion that "judges are supposed to uphold the law passed by legislators." Actually, what judges are supposed to do is evaluate the language of statutes to ensure it comports with constitutional guarantees. No court worthy of respect could follow Candelore's "rubber-stamp" test.
All these reasons, and many more, explain why former United States Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, a Reagan appointee and one of the most beloved figures in public life, has become a welcomed crusader against judicial elections The polite and graceful First Lady of the Supreme Court is shouting out from the rooftops about the need to stop these contests before they further undercut the foundation of the judicial branch. Here's what she wrote last month in an op-ed piece in The New York Times:
"When you enter one of these courtrooms, the last thing you want to worry about is whether the judge is more accountable to a campaign contributor or an ideological group than to the law. In our system, the judiciary, unlike the legislative and the executive branches, is supposed to answer only to the law and the Constitution. Courts are supposed to be the one safe place where every citizen can receive a fair hearing."
This year, some 16 states will hold contested elections for state court seats. Tens of millions of dollars will be spent on advertising, including some of the foulest negative advertisements you'll ever see. And who will be judging the judges? Who are the people who are going to be voting on who gets to decide your rights? The very same people who can't name a single Supreme Court justice! That's right, according to a recent Findlaw poll, nearly two-thirds of those questioned could not name even one member of the High Court and only one percent knew the names of all nine justices.
Only three percent of the respondents in the FindLaw poll were able to identify Justice Stephen Breyer, and "many Americans" (says the press release) still believe that the aforementioned Justice O'Connor (gone since 2006) and Justice David H. Souter (gone since 2009) are still on the Court. Do I think most voters pay even less attention to state court seats? Yes. Since "the people" obviously don't know what they are talking about when it comes to judges am I going out too much on a limb to say I'd rather have my judges selected and evaluated by respected professionals? And certainly not by a process which rewards those who wish to denude the judiciary of its power?
It's clear that Justice O'Connor sees judicial elections and judging very different from candidate Candelore. Which side of that argument do you want to be on?
Filed Under: Ads, Voting, 2010 Elections, Law

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m7595

The author forgets about accountability in his discussion. The push for elections is driven by judges that step way out of their role and legislate from the bench and become their own little oligarchy that dictates their own policy preferences like a member of Congress. Out-of-control judges at all levels bring this on themselves by a frustrated electorate attempting to rein in liberal activist judges who refuse to interpret the law rather than making it up. The author likes the result so he likes these judges, ie abortion, homosexuality, and other social decisions, but if he disagreed, he would be the first to want to elect them.

June 07 2010 at 9:26 PM Report abuse +2 rate up rate down Reply
1 reply to m7595's comment
Big Daddy

m7595 you are a perfect example of why we don't need elected judges. Judges should never be accountable to the voters only the letter of the law and constitution. The laws of america are not to be rewritten every time the political winds blow right or left. Just as the founding fathers never invisioned abortion and homosexuality, there right to bear arms was a flintlock musket not an assault rifle or semi auto pistol. these are decisions that have to be made in the context of their writings. Maybe we got the decisions that were desired by their constitution, not yours. Besides this story is concerned with local judges, they don't make those decisions, What they do decide is if its ok to dump tailings in a creek, or build a polluting industry in your backyard, or change land use codes. What they decide are quality of life issues and when a local election can be bought for several million, corporations and business know where to invest and it ain't Washington local judges get you much more bang for the buck and no press is watching.

June 09 2010 at 10:01 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
ziegler21wp

As a longtime lawyer (way too long!) who practiced in both state and federal courts for many years before becoming a law professor, I have seen the negative impact of an elected judiciary. Of course, there are politics in political appointments but , no contest, I believe the appointive method results in far more more qualified judges.

June 07 2010 at 6:15 PM Report abuse -1 rate up rate down Reply
silask

We need to re-think the Judiciary in this country. While we are a country of Law, Laws in an of themselves are not the ultimate accomplishment. JUSTICE
is the key work not Law. It is JUSTICE under Law. When we politicize the process in favor of intrepration of Law, we forfeit the ability of our Judges
to Champion Law.

June 07 2010 at 12:27 PM Report abuse -1 rate up rate down Reply
1 reply to silask's comment
fischerr

Judges are not divine and can be as corrupt as the rest of us. Like use, they must be held accountable if we are to survive as a free country.

June 07 2010 at 11:05 PM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
jackhallbk

The premise of this article seems to be that if judges are not elected, they will be free from political considerations. That may have been what the framers had in mind when hey made federal judicial appointments ones for lifetime tenure, but anyone familiar with the court system knows that that is simply not the way it works out. It is puzzling why a federal judge would, figuratively speaking, "sell" his soul to one side or the other when he has no financial reason to do so, but it happens - and that side usually happens to be on the side of the police and political conservatism and against the idea of a constitutionally restrained government. Perhaps they are concerned about their "legacy", or they were biased toward the police before they were appointed - but for whatever reason, the fact tht they are not subject to periodic elections doesn't seem to make much of a difference. I don't know what the solution is but eliminating elections isn't it. On the other side of the coin are those judges that may be popular politically, but who are simply incompetent. Which is worse - a nazi or an incompetent glad hander? Personally, I'd prefer the incompetent - perhaps less people will needlessly get hurt.

June 07 2010 at 12:13 PM Report abuse +1 rate up rate down Reply
marktmurphy5

This article doesn't make a rational case either for or against judicial elections. It is grounded in opinion and not supported by any facts or comparisons of the quality of judging of one system versus another. I can get this kind of stuff from my 14 year old kid. Poor job.

June 07 2010 at 10:43 AM Report abuse +4 rate up rate down Reply
beckjr2000

"The biggest single threat to fair and neutral justice is the trend toward partisan judicial elections at the state and local level." Elitest have been trying to take your right to elect your own judges away from you for years! This is just the latest justification to take away your control of your courts. Once they can control who becomes the "judge" they can decide what constitutes "fair and neutral justice" and how it's determined! Don't let them take your right to vote away!

June 07 2010 at 10:08 AM Report abuse +4 rate up rate down Reply
Mingo

Politics out of the law ????? @ years ago i heard two of our highest courts judges say that it was a time to make judgements that were politically correct. Strange when the took an oath to uphold the law The senate and congress were to make laws not the courts . Do you think Obama is going to put the best person on the job or appoint one that sides with him politically ? The one place that should show no politics is the court but that idea has been raped too

June 07 2010 at 8:27 AM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply
antcmanche

If the judges are not elected by the people and instead selected by "professionals", then what are those "professionals" going to be beholden to or what favors might possibly be asked of said selected judge? No system is perfect and when elections are involved then politics are involved. Furthermore; if there are those who select a judge to interpret the law, then politics always inserts its ugly head. I believe that the best that can be done in this particular situation is to educate those who would vote for the judges, meaning the people. America used to be known as having the most well educated population in the world, what happened? I have an idea, yet perhaps those who read this should think about it themselves. As an aside; I wonder if my post will pass the AOL censor test? Ah, Free Speech, wherefore art thou?

June 07 2010 at 7:35 AM Report abuse +13 rate up rate down Reply
Larry

Lawyers will tell you elected judges, for one, are LESS knowledgable of the law. Generally the worst state court systems elect judges: Ohio and Texas for example. One infamous case was between Texaco and Pennzoil in TX. The two corps contributed a total of $2 mil to their judge's campaign with the eventual winner out spending the loser by $1 mil. The courts are also overworked enough that you don't want judges spending time solicting contributions and campaigning.

This seems a ploy by conservative groups to install more corrupt judges as though having a corrupt SCOTUS isn't bad enough. Contrary to myth, judicial activism is primarily a trait of conservative judges, who rely not on the law or Constitution but their immoral dogma and biases, nor do they respect other jurisdictional restraints. One can see this in the baseless rulings of the Rehnquist and present courts. It was the great liberal Justice Cardozo, who admonished courts that where a law is unambiguous that the court has little work to do but apply it. The judges are supposed to fill in ambiguous areas under legislation, making common law, that are brought before them. If the legislature doesn't like any particular aspect of common law, it is their perogative to expressly state their view thru amendment. Interestingly courts have asked Congress to correct the ERISA language that bars suits against the HMOs.

June 07 2010 at 6:33 AM Report abuse rate up rate down Reply

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